Preventative Care
An interesting feature of dementia is that measurable pathology begins to manifest years before cognitive symptoms are present. Even more complicated is the fact that biomarkers we consider “pathological” do not always correlate to cognitive decline, suggesting there may be protective factors also involved. Thus, preventative care is essential in mitigating the risk of cognitive decline and dementia.
An integrative approach to dementia prevention emphasizes lifestyle interventions and personalized treatment strategies tailored to address underlying contributors to cognitive impairment. Moderating nutrient intake, including omega-3 fatty acids, fiber, and antioxidants, while limiting processed foods and added sugars can support cognitive function. Adequate sleep is also vital for brain health; practicing good sleep hygiene (see here for more) can improve memory, concentration, and overall cognitive performance. Exercise has also been shown to enhance brain health by promoting cardiovascular health, regulating the nervous system, moderating inflammatory responses, and increasing neuroplasticity. Stress mitigation through mindfulness practices is suggested to boost cognitive healthspan through similar mechanisms. Finally, but perhaps most importantly, stress and isolation, often coexisting together, are some of the biggest contributors to cognition throughout the lifespan. Engaging in meaningful social activities, maintaining strong social connections, and accessing adequate healthcare resources can positively impact cognitive function and mitigate the risk of dementia.
While well-designed studies are only beginning to be published, the Bredesen Protocol is one structured approach to the integrative and personalized treatment of dementia. The goal of this approach is to target multiple underlying contributors to neurodegeneration, including inflammation, insulin resistance, nutrient deficiencies, and mitochondrial dysfunction as outlined above. The protocol emphasizes a plant-based, high fiber, ketogenic diet, nutraceutical supplementation, stress management, and brain training.1
Emphasizing Care and Comfort
While preventative measures may be helpful in delaying the onset and progression of dementia, it is essential to prioritize compassionate care and comfort for individuals living with cognitive decline. In the medicalized world of cognitive decline, it is important to remember that some of the greatest healing is done through support for emotional, psychological, and spiritual needs of individuals and their families.
Person-centered care emphasizes the individual’s preferences, values, and autonomy in decision-making, fostering a sense of dignity and empowerment throughout the progression of cognitive decline. By honoring personhood, we can enhance quality of life and promote wellbeing throughout cognitive stages. Collaboration with a multidisciplinary team, with an emphasis on psychological care as much as medical care, is also essential in providing comprehensive care for individuals. Coordinating supportive services and community resources may ensure holistic support for individuals and caregivers. Providing comfort measures, symptom management, and emotional support for individuals with dementia and their families helps alleviate suffering and encourage a sense of peace.
Conclusion
Cognitive decline is a complex process that is influenced by a number of genetic, lifestyle, and physiological factors. By addressing underlying contributors to dementia that are changeable–through lifestyle interventions, personalized treatment strategies, and compassionate care–we can promote resilience, enhance quality of life, and support individuals and their families throughout the journey of cognitive decline.